Ingingo z’ingenzi mu masezerano yashyizweho umukono hagati y' U Rwanda na DRC

Kuri uyu wa Kane, itariki ya 4 Ukuboza, ba perezida Paul Kagame na Félix Tshisekedi bashyize umukono ku Masezerano y’i Washington, bagaragaza nk’ivugurura ryuzuye ry’inzira ya dipolomasi yatangiye mu mpeshyi hagati ya DRC, u Rwanda, na Amerika. RFI yashoboye gusuzuma bimwe mu bikubiye mu nyandiko zashyizweho umukono.

Aya yiswe “Amasezerano y’i Washington y’amahoro n’umutekano,” arashimangira amasezerano yari amaze gushyirwaho umukono mu mezi ashize (Itangazo ry’amahame ryo ku itariki ya 25 Mata, Amasezerano y’Amahoro yo ku itariki ya 27 Kamena), hamwe n’inyandiko ziheruka, harimo n’uburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe mu karere burimo kurangizwa.

Intego yavuzwe ni uguhuza ayo masezerano mu rwego rumwe, rwagutse rukubiyemo ibyemezo bya politiki, umutekano, n’ubukungu bw’ibihugu byombi.

Amabuye y’agaciro mu izingiro ry’amasezerano mashya y’akarere

Inyandiko ibiganiro byibanzeho ku wa Kane ni urwego rwo kwishyira hamwe mu karere, bifatwa nk’inkingi y’ubukungu y’ibiganiro bya Washington. Biragaruka ku ntego nyamukuru: kuvugurura, mu buryo buboneye, busanzwe, kandi bugenzurwa, uburyo bwo guhererekanya amabuye y’agaciro akomeye aboneka mu karere  (étain, tantale, tungstène, niobium, cyangwa, lithium).

Iyi nyandiko igaragaza ibibazo bitatu Washington ishaka gukemura: kurengera inyungu z’abanyamerika mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, mu gace ishoramari ry’Abashinwa rikomeje kuba ryinshi nko muri Katanga; gushoboza DRC gufata ubutunzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri iki gihe bwigaruriwe mu nzira zitemewe; no gushimangira uruhare rwa Kigali nk’ahantu ho gutunganyiriza amabuye y’agaciro mu karere, statut u Rwanda rumaze imyaka myinshi ruharanira.

Imishinga ifatika mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro

Inyandiko irarangiza urukurikirane rw’ibikorwa birambuye mu rwego rw’ubucukuzi.. Kinshasa na Kigali biratekereza cyane cyane gushyirwaho ibigo by’abikorera ku giti cyabo n’ibya leta, biherereye ku mipaka cyangwa mu byanya by’inganda byihariye. Izi mbuga zizaba zifite inshingano zo kugenzura niba amabuye y’agaciro akurikiranwa, kwemeza urujya n’uruza, gusoresha imisoro no gutanga uburenganzira ku gihugu yaturutsemo, ndetse no guha umutekano ibicuruzwa bigenewe ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.

Muri urwo rwego kandi harimo uburyo bwo kugenzura no kwemeza ahacukurwa amabuye y’agaciro, kugenzura byimazeyo urwego rw’imicungire, kwemeza ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, no guhuza politiki y’imisoro kugira ngo bigabanye kugerageza gukora magendu. Harimo kandi ibyanya by’inganda zambukiranya imipaka byihariye, n’uburyo bwo gushora imari buhuriweho, imishinga ihuriweho, cyangwa ubufatanye, bigamije gukurura ibigo mpuzamahanga bikomeye by’ubucukuzi.

Ingufu: Ruzizi III, Methane yo mu Kiyaga cya Kivu, hamwe no guhuza akarere

Mu rwego rw’ingufu, Kinshasa na Kigali barateganya kubyutsa imishinga y’ibikorwa remezo. Ibihugu byombi byiyemeje kurangiza gutera inkunga no gushyira mu bikorwa umushinga wa Ruzizi III, ku bufatanye n’u Burundi no biyobowe na CEPGL (Umuryango w’Ubukungu w’Ibihugu by’Ibiyaga Bigari).

Barateganya kandi gufatanya gucukura gaz methane yo mu Kiyaga cya Kivu no gutangiza ubushakashatsi ku bindi bikorwaremezo byo gushaka amashanyarazi no kuyageza aho agenewe.

Ibikorwa Remezo: Ubwikorezi buhuriweho, ibyambu, imihanda, no guhuza n’Umuhora wa Lobito

Iyi nyandiko kandi irabyutsa umushinga ugamije kuvugurura ibyambu, kugabanya ibiciro by’ubwikorezi, kugena aho ibicuruzwa byinjirira n’aho bisohokera, no guteza imbere umutekano w’ubwikorezi bwo mu kiyaga.

Kinshasa na Kigali kandi barashaka kumenya imishinga y’ibanze, gukomeza inzira z’ingenzi, koroshya ibikorwa byo ku mipaka no guhuza akarere gahoro gahoro n’Umuhora wa Lobito, ushyigikiwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kandi ugaragazwa nk’inzira yo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku Nyanja ya Atlantika.

Inyandiko irateganya kandi gusubiza mu buryo ibijyanye n’ingendo zo mu kirere, kuvugurura serivisi zo kugenda, no kugarura buhoro buhoro ingendo hagati y’imirwa mikuru yombi.

Kubungabunga: Parike, Ibirunga, hamwe n’icyifuzo cyo guhuza ubukerarugendo

Mu rwego rwo kubungabunga n’ubukerarugendo, urwo rwego rushimangira ubufatanye bwambukiranya imipaka ahegereye Parike y’igihugu ya Virunga (DRC) na Parike y’Ibirunga (u Rwanda), mu rwego rw’ubufatanye bukomeye bwa Greater Virunga Transboundary Collaboration (GVTC).

Ibikorwa biteganijwe birimo: uburyo bw’umutekano bwahujwe, ibikorwa bihuriweho byo gukurikirana ibinyabuzima, kwemeza uburyo bumwe bw’ubuzima (One Health) muri zone tampon, no gushyiraho icyerekezo cy’ibidukikije n’ubukerarugendo gikomatanyirijwe hamwe, gishyigikiwe n’ingamba zihuriweho  no guhuza uburyo bwa viza ku bakerarugendo n’abashoramari.

Ubuzima rusange: Sisitemu yo guhana amakuru ku byorezo ku mipaka

Ibihugu byombi byiyemeje kandi gushyiraho imiyoboro y’itumanaho mu by’ubuzima yambukiranya imipaka, gusangira amakuru y’ibyorezo, guhuza ibijyanye no gukingira, no gukorana na OMS, n’ibigo bishinzwe kurinda ibyorezo (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention) nka Africa CDC, na CDC yo muri Amerika.

Inama ngarukamwaka, Komite Nyobozi, hamwe n’itsinda rya tekiniki

Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rizashingira ku nama ngarukamwaka yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, komite nyobozi (komite nyobozi ya REIF), hamwe n’imiryango myinshi ikora mu nzego zishinzwe guhindura ibyo biyemeje muri gahunda z’ibikorwa.

Amasezerano y’ibihugu byombi: Kigali na Washington na Kinshasa na Washington

Uru rwego rushya ruzuzuzwa n’amasezerano abiri atandukanye y’ibihugu byombi: amwe hagati ya Kigali na Washington, azibanze ku “iterambere ry’ubukungu”; n’andi y’ubufatanye hagati ya Kinshasa na Amerika, mu ngingo 17 zerekana ubufatanye bwatangiye kuva Perezida Donald Trump yatangira imirimo.

U Rwanda na Amerika: Gukomeza Ubufatanye mu by’amabuye y’agaciro bumaze gutera imbere

Amasezerano y’ibihugu byombi ku iterambere ry’ubukungu azashyirwaho umukono hagati ya Kigali na Washington. Nk’uko amakuru agera kuri RFI avuga, iyi nyandiko yerekana ubufatanye bumaze gutera imbere, cyane cyane mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Kigali, yamaganye ibirego byo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko aturuka mu burasirazuba bwa Congo, iragaragaza inganda zayo bwite: nk’uruganda rutunganya étain , uruganda rutunganya zahabu, hamwe n’uruganda rutunganya tantalum, zigenzurwa n’ikigo Rwanda Mining, Petroleum and Gas Board (RMB) n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe Iterambere(RDB).

Igihugu gishingiye kuri Trinity Metals, isosiyete yashinzwe mu 2022 binyuze mu guhuza mines za Nyakabingo (tungsten), Rutongo (étain), na Musha (étain na tantalum). Muri Nzeri, umuzigo wa mbere wa tungstène ivuye mu Rwanda wageze muri Amerika. Iyi sosiyete yahawe inkunga ya tekiniki na DFC (Amerika International Development Finance Corporation).

Source: Bwiza